Myeloid neoplasms or myelodysplastic syndromes
"We have the most sophisticated technical advances to assess multiple prognostic factors that are key to the choice of treatment".
DR. PAULA RODRÍGUEZ
SPECIALIST. HEMATOLOGY AND HEMOTHERAPY DEPARTMENT
What is myelodysplastic syndrome?
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of bone marrow diseases that affect the normal production of blood cells. Under normal conditions, immature cells in the bone marrow (known as haematopoietic progenitors) mature into red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets.
However, in MDS, these cells fail to develop properly, resulting in a decrease in the number of healthy, functional blood cells in the blood.
The diagnosis and treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome requires a multidisciplinary approach. Nowadays, molecular diagnostic techniques allow an accurate assessment of the disease, which facilitates the identification of each patient's individual risk.
This, in turn, allows personalised treatments to be designed with the aim of improving the patient's therapeutic response and quality of life.
At the Clínica Universidad de Navarra Cancer Centre you will have access to innovative and highly accurate diagnostic methods. You will also have access to a group of different professionals (haematologists, bone marrow transplant and cell therapy experts, geneticists, etc.) whose sole objective will be to find a personalised treatment for your disease.
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What are the diseases?
It is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts that progressively invade the bone marrow.
Myeloblasts are very immature abnormal white blood cells that are not able to differentiate into more mature forms (red blood cells, granulocytes and platelets, so it is very typical that these patients present with anemia, infections and low platelets).
It represents 40% of all leukemias in the western world and the incidence in Spain is estimated at 4 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year.
It is typical of the adult population and is characterized by a rapid progression with an accumulation of numerous myeloblasts, which requires immediate diagnosis and treatment.
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of haematopoietic stem cell diseases characterised by abnormal (dysplastic) production of differentiated myeloid cells in number, maturation or function.
These patients usually present with anaemia, as well as repeated infections and bleeding. Approximately one third of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes progress to acute myeloblastic leukaemia. This is why in the past they were known as preleukaemia.
Its incidence in the general population is five new cases per 100,000 people and increases with increasing age.
We do not know why myelodysplastic syndromes appear but, in most cases, they are acquired diseases related to ageing or due to exposure to toxic substances such as benzene or treatments such as radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, among others.
They are a group of neoplasms originating in the hematopoietic stem cell characterized by the proliferation of myeloid lines (erythrocytes, granulocytes and platelets).
Usually, they are accompanied by a greater or lesser degree of medullary fibrosis, probably secondary to the high neoplastic proliferation, as well as splenomegaly (large spleen).
These are chronic diseases with a tendency to evolve either to global spinal cord failure or to acute myeloblastic leukemia.
Do you have any of these symptoms?
If you suspect that you have any of the above symptoms,
you should consult a medical specialist for a diagnosis.
Diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome
We carry out a comprehensive genetic and phenotypic diagnosis in order to administer the most effective treatment to each patient.
Genetic studies
Genetic classification of myeloid neoplasms is key to prognosis and, in some cases, to identify targeted therapies. New high-throughput sequencing techniques are essential for this process.
- Karyotyping
- FISH in selected plasma cell
- Mutation panel
- Massive sequencing
Flow cytometry
New cytometers make it possible to analyse more proteins in tumour cells and characterise the leukaemic phenotype. This technique is crucial for diagnosis and follow-up, as it accurately detects markers in myeloblasts and assesses minimal residual disease.
Tratamiento de los síndromes mielodisplásticos
The Clinica Universidad de Navarra offers you highly experienced experts, which guarantees that you will receive an integral treatment against your myeloid neoplasm.
We offer you a wide range of clinical trials with new drugs, immunotherapy treatments or combinations of new agents with immunotherapy.
Our experience in bone marrow transplantation, both autologous and allogeneic, haploid or unrelated, allows us to take a comprehensive approach from the moment of diagnosis, increasing the chances of success of your treatment.
What clinical trials do we have on síndromes mielodisplásicos?
The Hematology and Hemotherapy Service of the
at the Clínica Universidad de Navarra
The Hematology Service of the Clinic, formed by specialists of recognized national and international prestige, has integrated molecular diagnostic techniques and the use of new personalized treatments in its assistance work, allowing a more precise and fast diagnosis of the hematological diseases.
The joint work of the medical staff and the researcher facilitates the development and application of the new treatments and at the same time the precise evaluation of the result of the treatments.
Why at the Clinica?
- Experts in the development of Cellular Therapy treatments.
- International reference center in lymphomas, multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathies.
- Experts in the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhagic and thrombotic problems.
IN NAVARRA AND MADRID
Our expert myelodysplastic syndrome team
